Automotive Engineering Technology

Bearings are currently the most widely used mechanical component. In the process of high-speed and heavy-load operation, friction and heat generate between the rolling elements, cages, and rings. At this time, lubrication technology is integral to reducing friction and wear, facilitating heat dissipation, and extending the bearings’ life. In the last century, important research on bearing thermal analysis and corresponding lubrication technologies has been conducted. However, as the bearing speeds continue to increase, complex operation conditions pose more challenges to bearing thermal analysis. At the same time, the continuous cross-fusion of materials, sensors, big data, and emerging technologies has enabled the continuous improvement of bearing lubrication technology. This Reprint is aimed at the latest developments centered around the thermal mechanisms and lubrication technology, as well as the effect of the bearings’ working parameters on their lubrication performance and thermal behavior.

This book gathers together papers presented at the 26th IAVSD Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks, held on August 12 - 16, 2019, at the Lindholmen Conference Centre in Gothenburg, Sweden. It covers cutting-edge issues related to vehicle systems, including vehicle design, condition monitoring, wheel and rail contact, automated driving systems, suspension and ride analysis, and many more topics. Written by researchers and practitioners, the book offers a timely reference guide to the field of vehicle systems dynamics, and a source of inspiration for future research and collaborations. 

This volume of the series ARENA2036 compiles the outcome of the 2nd Stuttgart Conference on Automotive Production (SCAP2022).  The peer-reviewed contributions in this book are arranged thematically in three parts and cover a wide variety of topics: (A) Software-defined Manufacturing, (B) Data-driven Technologies, and (C) Advanced Manufacturing and Sustainability. SCAP2022 was organized by ARENA2036 in close collaboration with the Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units of the University of Stuttgart. The Conference took place on site from November 16 - 18, 2022 and provided the opportunity for national and international scientists to present their latest research results.    The conference has taken another big step in becoming an established forum for topics related to the production of the future. The great success of this year's conference will be continued with the next SCAP in 2024 with new forward-looking topics.  This is an open access book.

This reprint presents the current status of research activities concerning vehicle design processes. The design of vehicles is one of the most challenging tasks in engineering because of several reasons. The enormous consumer expectations as well as the intensive global competition aggravates vehicle design. Cost-driven design is a necessity and vehicles need to be economical in production, operation, and recycling; in fact, sustainable design is also imperative for ecological vehicles. The dynamics of vehicles have to be considered in the design of all components and light-weight design is of fundamental importance. Consumers expect convincing functional performance, high product quality, appealing appearance, high reliability, interconnected functionality as well as comprehensible and appealing user interfaces. More and more, additional services are connected to vehicles. These enormous requirements lead to complex multi-domain design processes of vehicles because most of the important decisions are made in the design phase. Production optimization and intelligent operation are important topics, but flaws and insufficiencies in the design stage lead to enormous expenditures in later stages and less-than-perfect products. The design processes of vehicles involve thousands of engineers are spread globally and need to consider multiple product versions and variants as well as multi-company product platforms.

This volume presents the proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Vibration Conference (APVC) 2019, "Vibration Engineering for a Sustainable Future," emphasizing work devoted to experimental methods and verification. The APVC is one of the larger conferences held biannually with the intention to foster scientific and technical research collaboration among Asia-Pacific countries.  The APVC provides a forum for researchers, practitioners, and students from, but not limited to, areas around the Asia-Pacific countries in a collegial and stimulating environment to present, discuss and disseminate recent advances and new findings on all aspects of vibration and noise, their control and utilization. All aspects of vibration, acoustics, vibration and noise control, vibration utilization, fault diagnosis and monitoring are appropriate for the conference, with the focus this year on the vibration aspects in dynamics and noise & vibration. This 18th edition of the APVC was held in November 2019 in Sydney, Australia. The previous seventeen conferences have been held in Japan ('85, '93, '07), Korea ('87, '97, '13), China ('89, '01, '11, '17), Australia ('91, '03), Malaysia ('95, '05), Singapore ('99), New Zealand ('09) and Vietnam ('15).  

This open access book brings together the latest developments from industry and research on automated driving and artificial intelligence. Environment perception for highly automated driving heavily employs deep neural networks, facing many challenges. How much data do we need for training and testing? How to use synthetic data to save labeling costs for training? How do we increase robustness and decrease memory usage? For inevitably poor conditions: How do we know that the network is uncertain about its decisions? Can we understand a bit more about what actually happens inside neural networks? This leads to a very practical problem particularly for DNNs employed in automated driving: What are useful validation techniques and how about safety? This book unites the views from both academia and industry, where computer vision and machine learning meet environment perception for highly automated driving. Naturally, aspects of data, robustness, uncertainty quantification, and,last but not least, safety are at the core of it. This book is unique: In its first part, an extended survey of all the relevant aspects is provided. The second part contains the detailed technical elaboration of the various questions mentioned above.

This Special Issue focuses on the friction characteristics of bearings, carefully compiling 16 cutting-edge research studies. Through a research path combining experiments and simulations, this Special Issue explores the lubrication mechanism, performance optimization, and fault diagnosis of bearings under different working conditions. The papers cover a wide range of dimensions, from theoretical exploration to experimental verification, showcasing the latest developments in the field of bearing lubrication. The research covers various types, such as angular contact ball bearings, gas hydrostatic thrust bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, etc. Through advanced methods such as computational fluid dynamics, artificial neural networks, and mathematical models, the influence of nozzle position, biomimetic composite cavity structure, unbalanced estimation, and other factors on lubricant distribution, load-bearing capacity, and dynamic behavior was analyzed. In addition, attention was also paid to the power loss under oil lubrication, the improvement in friction characteristics and fatigue life by carbon nitrogen co-infiltration treatment, and the lubrication challenges of bearings under special conditions such as vacuum environments and ultra-low temperatures. These research results not only provide a scientific basis for bearing lubrication design but also contribute important findings that promote technological progress and industrial upgrades in related industries. This Special Issue aims to provide new insights and reflections for both the academic and industrial communities.